水産養殖研究開発ジャーナル

概要

Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) - Potential Applications in Aquatic Animal Health Management

Pani Prasad Kurcheti*, Dhayanath M, Abisha Juliet Mary, Hina Alim

Fisheries and aquaculture play an important role in providing economic growth and nutritional security to growing global population. The share of fisheries sector is as much as 1.10% and 5.43% in total GDP and agriculture respectively. Innovations have undoubtedly raised the level of fish production in a particular ecosystem but have brought in problems of overcrowding, environmental deterioration and sanitation leading to stressful condition of fish and disease outbreaks. The emergence of nanoscience and nanotechnology presents opportunities for exploring the bactericidal effect of metal nanoparticles. The bactericidal effect of metal nanoparticles has been attributed to their small size and high surface to volume ratio, which allows them to interact closely with microbial membranes, and is not merely due to the release of metal ions in solution. Biosynthesized AgNPs shows that significant immunomodulatory effects and physiological changes with positive impact in freshwater fish and this research provides helpful insights into the development of new bactericidal as well as immunomodulating nanomaterials for various biotechnological and aquaculture applications. The advantages, applications, mode/mechanism of action, mechanism of action of silver, mechanism of action of silver ions/AgNO3 , antibacterial mechanism, diagnostic applications, therapeutic effect of Silver nanoparticle against fish diseases, nanoparticles as a source for treatment of fish disease, synergistic effect of silver nanoparticles with antibiotics, effect of size and shape on the antimicrobial activity of nanoparticles and future prospects of prophylactic measures with silver nanoparticles are discussed in detail.