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DNA Hypomethylation in Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases
Claudia Rebolledo Quezada, Liliam Sanhueza Carrasco, Marcela Hinojosa-Moreno, Paulina Fernandez-Garces*
Genome methylation is a fundamental regulatory process of gene expression carried out by DNA Methyl Transferase enzymes (DNMTs), and constitutes one of the main epigenetic modifications. This modification is characterized for being stable and reversible, making it possible to establish global or gene-specific hypomethylation, which has been linked to alterations in physiological processes and the development of different pathologies. In this context, Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases (CNCD) have become important due to their high prevalence worldwide, and hypomethylation is highly evident in this kind of disease, which generates alterations in gene expression that are related to the onset and development of these diseases; therefore, it is fundamental to establish a relationship with the environment, which is able to influence epigenetics, making it possible to establish preventive measures for the establishment of CNCD.