熱帯病と公衆衛生ジャーナル

概要

Control of Zoonotic Parasitic Cestode (Taenia solium): Sustainability Assessment of Potential Vaccines

Wilson Charles Wilson

Tanenia solium is a zoonotic parasitic cestode that causes taeniasis and cysticercosis in pigs and humans respectively. Taeniasis/cysticercosis is a serious endemic disease in most developing countries and affects both human health and the economy. Different physical and immunodiagnostic techniques developed have been used to reveal the parasite in the host. On the other hand, anthelminthic drugs have been used for many years in controlling the parasite but with less impact. However, vaccines developed from antigen oncospheres named TSOL18, TSOL45-1A and TSOL16 have shown positive results in controlling the parasite under experimental conditions. The recently developed vaccine of TSOL18 antigen has shown nearly complete protection against T. solium in pigs. Similarly, the vaccine developed from synthetic peptides (S3Pvac) has shown promising results in the elimination of the parasite. Furthermore, the combination of vaccines and chemotherapy has been used to control the parasite in highly endemic areas. However, despite having the aforementioned interventions, none has been documented to control the parasite at a sustainable level. This calls for further research work to find out the most sustainable means of controlling the parasite. A critical review based on the most recent literature on vaccines that may serve to control T. solium in pigs was carried out. The main focus was on an overview of different types of vaccines developed and their impact on controlling T. solium. By considering the pros and cons of different interventions developed, we can come up with the most efficient and sustainable method of eradicating T. solium.